Blurring the disciplines

disciplinary -
concerning or enforcing discipline.

multidisciplinary - 

combining or involving several academic disciplines or professional specializations in an approach to a topic or problem.

interdisciplinary -

of or relating to more than one branch of knowledge.

transdisciplinary - 

connotes a research strategy that crosses many disciplinary boundaries to create a holistic approach

cross-disciplinary -
Team science initiatives are designed to promote collaborative, and often cross-disciplinary (which includes multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinary) approaches to answering research questions about particular phenomena

On knowing

He who knows and knows that he knows,
He is wise, follow him.

He who knows and knows not that he knows,
He is asleep, awaken him.

He who knows not and knows not that he knows not,
He is a fool, shun him.

He who knows not and knows that he knows not,
He is a child, teach him.

Arabian proverb

New Terms, New Discussions 2

Water-cooler conversations: Random trailing conversations that take place over a cup of tea in India, resulting into spaces like the adda in old Kolkata, or the katta in Mumbai happen near the water-cooler in offices in the USA. While much limited, these conversations are thus called to be "water cooler" conversations.

Apple picking: The burglary of products like i-phones, i-pads and so on, manufactured by Apple. Apple picking is a famous phrase in college campuses like Yale (read city of New Haven) that are notorious for its crime rates and thefts. The phrase is a take on the activity of picking real edible apples that people engage in within the US countryside farms during the apple season.

Gamification: The process of turning different activities into a model of gaming in order to learn or de-learn aspects of a practice is called gamification. More can be found on wikipedia.

Paper Publications: My cousin informed me how 50% of peer reviewed papers published in journals are bogus and that there was as study where experts involved in this survey were not able to replicate the experiments under the same conditions, as published in the journals. The paradox of this system is that professors and doctoral students can prove their credibility only by research and publications. Under sure production pressure, tremendous amount is published, much of which is hardly re-traceable. Re-check your beliefs the next time you read, "A recent research from Yale / Harvard / MIT shows that..." It might just be a sample set that is carefully curated for a desired result, or else, a well worded paper hiding its biggest flaws!

On Positive thinking: Another recent book documented that it has been proven that the typical understanding of 'positive thinking' is actually foolish, since it is a fake mask one makes oneself wear to feel good. Being optimistic is different than positive thinking.
To constantly keep telling yourself that you are good is not necessarily the way to go about boosting.
On the other hand, for all we know, pessimists are more realistic people, because they take their decisions based on facts and real circumstances.
Read more here.

San Jose Museum of Art

Below are some images from the San Jose Museum of Art that I visited today. The museum has a modest collection, with a great variety of art from the artists primarily from the west coast. I do not have much to add about the museum because it is a really small museum, more like an art gallery that has some well displayed work! I struck on conversation with the docent tour guide there who has been offering tours within the museum since the last 20 years (1995). She told me that most people like to look at the art works on their own, so she ends up going up to people to find out what they like about the art works they are seeing within the museum space. 

I also visited the Contemporary Jewish Art museum in San Francisco yesterday, that I will probably include in a separate post with more about the city, sometime! Meanwhile, here are images from my visit today.

The Chaos of Representation

A few hours ago I discovered that the 'Indian Architect & Builder' - a popular architecture magazine from India allows you to access several of its past issues online - they have been chronicled on issuu.com. Since I have not had the opportunity to keep in touch with any contemporary architecture happenings in India for the past two years, I decided to browse through a couple of published issues of the magazine. I looked through some of these issues noting the cheesy captions, reeled through the catchy images and skimmed through the texts. The subjects were all familiar - catchphrases, compositions and vocabularies - all presenting the chaos of representation within the field of architecture in India.

When magazines invite architects to write, they play lenient on their submissions by asking the in-house staff to not judge them for their writing. I have been a part of this process, and was asked by my editor to keep in mind that "they are not writers." However, the question, I feel is not about writing, but about the methodical deployment of an idea. Most architects in India work in a hybrid fashion drawing visual ideas from multiple sources, which tie together into their building designs inconsequentially and many a times unconsciously. I will not be able to point out specific examples, but if you take a look at the building plans, elevations and sections, along with the strategic ways in which their photographs are shot after their completion, you will immediately realize the predominant ideas influencing them. A trained historian will be able to critique it more efficiently.

The written language in which architects express themselves is inherently problematic. They do not necessarily deploy their designs in what we conventionally understand as "methodical", and thus considered that the making of architecture in India is much organic, constrained by multiple forces during the process of construction, where design decisions are continually changed and developed (as against western practices where designs are frozen and lived by till the end), it becomes inherently difficult to not only map these influences, but also make sense and rationalize much of the decisions verbally. I am making claims that I am not substantiating, for I will need to sit with an archive. But if one compares the representation of a particular project in text, image and captions, it is hard to put them together, for I believe that each of these are imagined through different streams of thoughts and directed to appeal different kinds of masses! 

The interesting aspect is that over the past two years, I was trained to do all things methodically: the reading of a book, an image within the book as well as the text accompanying it. In addition, I was being taught to write methodically, step by step, considering and critiquing the images and its description in text. This has brought me to analyze the way images and text work with each other. There is an established discipline, a structure of appreciating or critiquing images, just like text. Thus I have gotten into the obsessive habit of analyzing image and text "methodically". Such jargon, ideally must be edited out of the magazine production house to maintain quality.

Probably I must specify that my observations are framed for and only IA&B, and I know the internal workings of the magazine for I worked with them for 4 months to understand their organization. But having said that, there are many good things that come out of the magazine once in a while. They, I am sure, try hard to bind architectural ideologies in India together into a coherent theme, but it fails them time and again. But what then should be an appropriate format for documenting architecture of a country that is so plural in its outlook that violates the linear form of the conventional book, a traditional serially organized magazine?

I think the format of the magazine is not fully able to capture the diversity of the architecture and architectural practice in India. It needs to be a scrap-book of sorts that has the feeling of the ephemeral, as well as the permanent - with pages of different sizes bound together, something having a childlike quality - within the framework of which naiive attitudes of building become innocent, and more playful to be engaged with? I am merely trying to think aloud a medium that will best capture the content of contemporary India in its structure. That will call for a structure that turns the chaos of representation into an intelligent artwork.

Crucial Conversations

Each of us enters conversations with our own opinions, feelings, theories, and experiences about the topic at hand. this unique combination of thoughts and feelings makes up our personal pool of meaning. This pool not only informs us but also propels our every action.

As people sit through an open discussion where ideas are shared, they take part in the free flow of meaning.

from Crucial Conversations

New Terms, New Discussions

Muscle Memory: On discussion between cricket and baseball, Siddharth was talking how inspite of the similarity of the two games, the way you are used to hold the bat is the key to play the game. Muscles thus, have a memory, bodies thus, behave in certain specific ways.

Dogfood: My cousin was explaining me the way many tech companies go about evaluating their own products. Many CEOs would go by the question - "Will you eat your own dogfood," essentially asking "Will you use your own product."

Frustration Free Packing: Going nuts over opening a recently ordered telephone shower, my cousin was frustrated after using all kinds of objects to undo its plastic case. He thus told me about the concept of packaging things in a way such that they are convenient to unpack, open (read without the use of external objects like sharps, knives, scissors, too much pulling, crushing, tearing, and so on). Amazon, my cousin informs, markets a lot of products for its frustration free packaging.

On Intuitive Design: Another question we stumbled upon is the idea behind intuitive design in mobile phones. We debated what would it mean for mobile phones to make its design and use intuitive. We discussed that it involves translating a host of cognitive object-action relationship and behaviour into the virtual world? It is about transferring the real physical space of the object into the virtual world, trying to keep the engagement of the user still similar. While some linkages are certainly broken (for example our tactile understanding of objects and things that are no longer physical), they are replaced by newer visual or other cognitive definitions. For example, the replacement of paper letters and envelopes by e-mails as communication devices is cognitively established in the virtual space by icons that will consist of "envelop", "pencil" and such other diagrams. What intuitively is at work here is the visual mental association, and not the tactility of the object, which is actually taken over by the computer screen and keyboard. The paper translates as a flat rectangular outline box on the screen, sometimes even virtually textured or ruled. However, the keyboard certainly fundamentally changes the way in which we write. Thus, an intermediate level of intuition is achieved where the material qualities of paper and pen are ascertained through their symbolic existence.

(more terms to follow)

Stanford University

I find fascinating to visit University campuses. Over the last two weeks, I had the opportunity to visit University of California, Berkeley as well as Stanford University. 

Here are some pictures from our visit to Stanford. Considered to be the ivy league of the West coast in USA, like the ones of the North East, Stanford's physical character is absolutely different. The first impression that all of us got on entering the campus is that of a hotel resort - with large lawns, topiary gardens and sloping roof in clay tiles - the university's image was nothing short of a holiday resort. The school is situated in Palo Alto, one of the most prosperous suburbs of the Bay Area. The suburb is known for its high end family homes neighbourhoods.

One is greeted with a large 'S' for Stanford grown in red leaves with sinuous serpentine curves - something which had a tendril-like curling quality. We all were unanimously put off by its execution, and in our own exposure and growing up in the environment of the ivy leagues of the north-east, this aesthetic expression was laughable. Apparently this landscaping of the 'S' keeps on changing every-time. 

The school buildings are nestled within the green, although flat landscape, where the campus tries hard to be stately and modern at the same time. One gets an uncanny feeling of tropical ashrams, with almost outscaled courtyards centered with large evergreen spreading trees. I don't have much to really talk about this place, since we didnot have an opportunity to wander much inside the buildings. Except that we did sneak into the D-school. 

Stanford is famously know for its interdisciplinary D-school, ie, the Design School. The nature of the school was like an open space, where different kinds of people can collaborate on problems through the platform of design. There was a looming blandness of the digitality of cyberspace in the actual physical environment of the D-school. Flat white surfaces to be written upon, movable furniture, post-its, cubicles and limpy blackboards - everything as etheral and unstable as the flash of pages on a website composed the atmosphere. The wateriness or the fluidity of all objects in space took me some time to appreciate, although I wasn't sure if I got it right! 

Somehow, the post-it aesthetic (people writing mini lists and thoughts on small square colourful stick-ons pasted onto the walls) is highly overrated. Look at every design thinking wesbite today and you will find a representational picture of "thinking" in the form of a constellation of post-it pink-fluorescent green-yellow notes! To sum it up, they have literally "reduced" design thinking to keywords that can be contained into strips of paper. I have a whole theory of the post-it aesthetic, which I am being bombarded with every now and then as I visit these design places. I wonder if they have tie-ups with the post-it note manufacturing industry!

In any case, I think I might visit the campus once again to know it better and also look at its art-gallery. I have noticed that the West Coast is much behind than the North East in the US in its cultural production and aesthetic standards. Rather, much of the thrust is on the aesthetic of the virtual space.  There are some awkward gaps in the physical spaces here, which I hope I am able to articulate eventually on sustained observation of this place.

California in Saturation

These are pictures around neighbourhoods of San Jose, single family homes in the American Suburbia. No sign of life around the pretty looking houses with elaborate gardened porticoes, even when the weather is beautiful, bright and sunny. Trees flank all along. Some shed their leaves in winter, although many are evergreen, giving the whole place a homely feel. Being in the valley, the area is generally bereft of the sea humidity. It is drier and picturesque. The mountains become the backdrop in all vantages, giving a focus to look at in most directions. The life is secure and contained within the valley. 

The experience of seeing is relaxed, there is not too much going on anywhere. The intensity of activity is controlled, moreso in the suburbs. The city - San Francisco - itself is very at-ease. It is quite different from the pretense and oomph of New York, at least as much as I saw it.

Trains pass around mountains, taking through breathtaking views of settlements on slopes of the valley. Greenery is all around, nestling the colourful houses. Again, no sign of life outside the houses in the suburbs. The brightness meanwhile makes it nicer to be outside. No more descriptions. Still to understand much more!

Caltrain, California

This is not a well rounded post. The opinions here are narrow and ill-informed. 

1.

I am at the Tamien Caltrain station in South Bay Area and there is a train for 5 58 pm that I am supposed to take. A train is waiting right in front of me for the last 15 minutes and I am not sure if this is the one i am to board. There are no indications on the train to match the information displayed on the electronic indicator! I ask the only man sitting on a bench at the station, who tells me this is not the one mentioned on the electronic display. 

When no other train arrives until the time in the schedule, except the one standing, I climb into it following another passenger (who herself was confused) and hope that it will be the train I need to board. A few minutes later, i realize that it is indeed the train I had to take, quite contrarily to what the waiting passenger on the station bench directed.

The Caltrain is a double-decker train with a central aisle. There are two seats each on either aisle on the lower level and one row of seats on each side on the upper. Absolutely empty probably since it is the opposite direction for the time. The young lady equally perplexed if the train is San Francisco bound, came and asked me to confirm if I ended up taking the right train. I told her that I confirm only based on the fact that it departed on the time I checked on the schedule.

The landscapes I pass through are beautiful. No one came to check my ticket. I was surprised. The announcements within the train were unclear, fuzzy, although surprisingly not standardized (like the recent ones in our local trains in Mumbai). For that matter, the announcements even in New York metro trains were not standardized. The stations try to match the level of the surrounding road, rather than the height of the train. You actually climb 4 steps to reach the level of the train. I haven't seen how the disabled actually climb up, although there are provisions for them within the train.

2.

Bay Area: The California bay around San Francisco. Peninsula region.

VTA: Valley Transit Authority

Valley: popularly the Silicon Valley. Geographically, this is actually a valley. Silicon refers to technology parks.

Caltrain: California Train, transportation service along the bay area

BART: Bay Area Rapid Transit, private transportation service along the bay area

Clipper Card: Pass for Caltrain and some other public transport services around Bay Area

Map of Caltrain in Bay Area


3.

The San Jose Caltrain station ticket vending machines / card identifying machines didn't accept either my clipper card pass or my credit card. Luckily I had some cash with me to get a ticket for San Francisco. I went up to the Amtrack dept ticket counter to ask if there was any person who could help me with my problem. However the lady flatly refused saying, "There is no one for Caltrain" in a curt tone, perhaps rightly as if it was none of her business to look into it. This is what you learn to expect out of Americans or American culture in general after living in US for two years. In fact I was quite impressed when out of the same indifference she pointed me to the ATM from where i could withdraw cash to try in the faulty machines.

All how I responded to her was with a gracious smile and a hearty thank you, although swearing by the dumbness of such etiquette in my head at that moment.  Before I move on with my analysis, I must finish explaining how I resolved the situation. After I exhausted all possible mental algorithms of trying all machines, clipper card sensors at the station, I thought of using cash, for which I was skeptical of getting the change back. (buses here in the US will never return you any change. so if your ticket costs $2 and you insert a $5 bill, your $3 are gone - essentially more lost than spent). I was thus skeptical about the Caltrain vending machines too. However it was kind enough to return me my 1 dollar. And thus, Inspite of preparing for my trip to SF in advance and working out cheaper logistics, getting a clipper card pass that would have saved me about 2 dollars one way, I ended up spending cash that I had saved up for emergency. (again remember that you seldom use cash in USA, since you have credit cards for most transactions. In addition, withdrawal of cash from atms costs you 2.5$ each time. its a lot of money in proportion to what you generally withdraw).

However, such inconsistencies in technology and its non-alignment with human dilemmas is what i despise about the over hyped development in the developed countries. I have, over time, trained my mind to get over such first world issues. Although in the pretext of streamlining and smoothening infrastructures, look what happens. There was no one around the station whom I could ask about whether my pass was faulty or if there was a problem with my credit card - both which i had recently purchased or used respectively. there was no one amongst the commuters to help. There was no one I could call. No one at the station - completely unmanned. I was disturbed at the irony of this first world situation - the mythicised glorified narrative of the developed country. in computerizing every inch of interaction into unmanned infrastructure, they continue to erase all physical social exchange leaving vulnerability looming all over - something that is never documented, or even lapped up in the over optimistic dialogues of development.

I am skeptical of technology and development in this light. I worry about this creeping sense of insecurity that latently exists among people in anticipation of overcoming or even coming to terms with technology. Because technology skips the older logical methodical steps that people are used to, quite exponentially, marketing itself as easy to access and "user friendly" it never presents its parallel narrative of the confusion it creates within the minds people. There is also a great politics of such confusion often overlooked by technologists, the advantage of which clearly goes to the company. for example, consider the extra dollars I shelled out to Caltrain inspite of all my preparation - that money essentially went to the company just because of what i like to term as politics of technology.

People living here in west coast America are overly car dependent, thus the government excuses itself of investment in public transport. (People rightfully depend on their own vehicles, since the minimum walk from one place to another will be 20 minutes, and you will feel absolutely at loss of scale while walking on wide highways - I am also talking of my experience in the suburbia, but SF too was largely spread wide apart). Except big cities, getting around this country is a big ordeal. But the difficulty of travel in the US is a narrative explicated by far too many people. What i want to point out is that people/locals thus look down upon public transportation and even those who use it. I was being mocked upon by my landlord when I would take the city buses to travel around in New Haven - "Only poor people and blacks use the buses," he said. At that time i wasn't mature enough to accuse him as a racist. But such is the sentiment that runs across people in the country. Thus, in my perspective, owing to such social pressure must also make many people to move privately. Although I feel such sentiment to public transport is only prevalent in some cities. New York is a very public-transport friendly city. 

However stories for other states and cities across the US are different. What is different here is that people almost don't care to keep a tab about public transportation for emergency situations. They just don't know anything about local ways of getting around - something I have never experienced in my life. Umm - well they depend on Google to tell them routes all the time. Google is their Godfather. Certainly this is a result of both - the individualistic social space as well as the already existing poor image of public image of transportation facilities.

Rightfully then, the Marxists of this country shout for public space and public transport and all those issues of green-ness and sustainability. But we absorb these narratives of the developed lands blindly, without understanding their socio-cultural underpinnings. In fact we never understand how adoption of their narratives and systems would eventually affect our own socio-cultural space, and do ever think if we truly desire it? And do they really apply to us. In what way do they apply, and how should we think about our issues, even if the solutions to the problems may be same?

Perhaps I come from a background where I have had an opportunity to associate a lot of positive attributes to the social space in Indian cities. Or probably I am just a person who relies and trusts real people than a dumb machine who cannot argue back intelligently. Many of my friends like being around such dumb machines, or have begun to enjoy this sterile life within which they can exert their choices without friction. they consistently attempt to convince me of staying back in this unmanned neutralised techno physical space. I am not sure I like it, even if the space in India physically or personally destroyed me. Living here is a mental torture sometimes for a person like me - for some, it is an escape to heaven.